Understanding How the Body Works:
3 Planes / 7 Primal movement patterns / 8 Components of Fitness

Teaching people how to teach themselves

Step One:
Three Planes of the Body

Sagittal or Longitudinal Plane

• Divides the body into right and left portion (side view)
• Flexion / Extension of torso
• Anterior / Posterior hip alignment (tilt)
• Neutral spine / Lumbar curve
• Mid-Sagittal Plane: Sagittal Plane that divides the body into equal left and right parts

Frontal or Coronal Plane — Anterior / Posterior

• Divides the body into Anterior And Posterior parts (front and back)
• Postural Alignment
• Shoulders, hips, knees, ankles in correct alignment

Transverse or Axial Plane — Inferior / Superior

• Horizontal Plane
• Divides the body into upper and lower segments
• Medial rotations and Lateral shifts

Step Two :
Seven Primal Movement Patterns

There are seven patterns that utilise movement on the three planes of Sagittal, Frontal and Transverse.

1. Push (Breathe out)
2. Pull (Breathe in)
3. Squat
4. Bend
5. Lunge
6. Twist
7. Gait

Gait: Involves moving over terrain, whether walking, jogging, or sprinting. This involves your body moving in motion by leg action. Gait is what keeps your cardiovascular system in check, helps burn fat and keeps your breathing right.

During early human development, this action would often have been interspersed with other movement patterns, such as walking to track a wild animal, sprinting to hunt it down, then twisting, lunging, and pushing to throw or thrust a weapon.

Joints of the Body (Finger-tip Control) – Understandings how all movements occur at the joints.

Bones don’t move by themselves. Muscles move bones.

Step Three:
Eight Components of Fitness

What you need to develop

1. Strength
2. Speed
3. power
4. Endurance
5. Flexibility
6. Balance/Coordination
7. Agility/Quickness
8. Body Composition

3/7/8: These First three Steps form the foundation for your knowledge. Understanding these three steps means you now have a launching pad for your training and you have a structured way of looking at yourself. This is valuable knowledge to have whether you play sport or not.

Step Four A: Anatomical Terminology of Each Movement Possible

All these movements are made at the joints.

• Flexion / Extension
• Abduction / Adduction
• Up/Downward Rotations
• Circumduction etc.

Step Four B: Muscles of The Body (which control these movements)

• Location, terminology, origins and insertions of the muscles.
• Role of the muscles required to create movement.
• Firing sequence of each muscle that creates movement.
• Direction of Muscle fibres.